Vesicovaginal Fistula (VVF)

Vesicovaginal Fistula (VVF) is a serious medical condition in which an abnormal opening forms between a woman’s bladder and her vagina, causing continuous and uncontrollable leakage of urine. It is highly prevalent in Northern Nigeria, largely due to factors such as early marriage, young girls becoming pregnant before their bodies are fully developed, and limited access to skilled maternal healthcare.

In many cases, the condition arises when young girls are married to older men and experience prolonged or obstructed labour, which leads to severe internal injury. The lack of timely medical intervention further increases the risk. VVF may also result from surgical complications, injury, or sexual violence.

Women and girls living with VVF often face social stigma, isolation, and emotional distress, alongside physical health challenges such as infections and incontinence. While treatment typically requires surgical repair, prevention through education, improved healthcare access, and the protection of young girls is essential. Addressing VVF not only restores physical health but also helps affected individuals regain dignity and reintegrate into society.